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What is the Dental Implants A dental implant

Oral implantology is the branch of dentistry that deals with replacing missing teeth with synthetic as many roots anchored in the bone that can support a single tooth, or groups of teeth may also act as support for a full denture (the so-called false teeth).

should be noted that the use of the solution allows the implant to keep intact the natural teeth adjacent to the area to be closed because the prosthesis does not affect plants if at times even the natural teeth.

favorite plants now is pure titanium or an alloy of nickel and now we see why. Recall that when the body This is a foreign body, there may be a process of organization or an immune response (antigen-antibody).

The latter, also called the rejection reaction, occurs when the foreign body are proteins and thus has no place implant materials in which the proteins are absent.

Titanium also does not even cause foreign body reactions, but it establishes a direct connection with the bone that forms the basis of osseointegration, so the implant material is an important factor in achieving the organization between bone and implant.

Sometimes, however, in no more than 5% of cases, for reasons not are perfectly known and predictable, this process of direct connection between bone and implant is not the case when the system can not support the prosthesis and should be removed.

Many times it forms a fibrous tissue around the implant that is precisely responsible for a FIBROINTEGRAZIONE.

Frequently, at the discretion of the operator, you can replace the equipment lost by having a larger diameter.

titanium implants may also be coated with ceramic hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate ceramic) which is unable to induce any direct formation of bone (osseoinduzione), but can induce catabolisi processes (destruction) that involve the replacement by bone (osteoconduction). This

osteoconduction (abundant bone growth outside of the bone) can be observed even in the presence of other implant materials.

The only difference is that calcium and phosphate dell'idrossilapatite be part of the metabolism of the skeletal system.

Thus the stratification of titanium implants with hydroxylapatite ceramic is designed to combine the mechanical properties of titanium with a high possibility that the bone is generated on the ceramic surface. According to Osborn

implant materials with excellent biocompatibility not have many mechanical and vice versa.

To replace missing tissue (bone or gum) or even teeth can be used autologous material that is derived from the same human body that needs the transplant.

For example you can use bone in the iliac crest (hip) to increase the size of the bone that will anchor the prosthesis, reconstructive technique that has been proven clinically effective. You can also use bone "bank" taken from different individuals of our own species (counterpart material), or devitalized bone or other tissues from other species (heterologous material).

All these materials are TRANSPLANT while at the base of the systems are made exclusively with alloplastic materials that are essentially strangers, metals, mineral materials (ceramics in a broad sense) and synthetic materials.

The advantage of these substances is their almost unlimited availability, the absence of problems related to their removal as well as the ability to continuously improve their physical and chemical characteristics.

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Pillars titanium are now mostly cylindrical, of varying lengths and diameters to adapt to different configurations of the segment of bone available to their inclusion. They are made of titanium metal widely used in surgery for his biological neutrality ensures that the acceptance of 'body.

Their surface is treated to enhance the possibility of osseointegration (bone structure or to incorporation in total) in which research has been well studied and confirmed by electron microscopy: the REJECTION DOES NOT EXIST in implant dentistry, there being no possibility of adverse immune reaction as it happens in transplantation heterologous (donor).

dental implantology has passed in recent years, the clinical trial with longitudinal controls on patients who were assured reliability.

Dental implants have to be manufactured and packaged in accordance with European law and are therefore accompanied by a certificate that can be viewed and stored by the patient for his guarantee.

of Dental Implantology pioneers, who were often designed and manufactured their own equipment from many different styles and metals treated differently, it's definitely waned and with it the large part of failures that still adversely affect some patients.

The best modern plants are equipped with a rich set of connectors that supported the artificial tooth, as well as to ensure a perfect detergibilità also optimal aesthetics in relation to gingival contour below.

latter factor is crucial for a successful intervention in areas uncovered by the smile.

Depending on the situation of the plant model and the surgery itself can be performed in a single movement (leaving at the end inserting endosseous implant a small portion of it, which then serve as a connection to the tooth, outside the gum) or two times, being the second time much simpler and shorter than the first (a small incision in the gum used to expose the oral cavity the outer part of the system in order to connect it to a porcelain tooth or vetropolimero).

So it comes in the first case of partial immersion and total immersion in the second, implying that it refers to the gum tissue because it is obvious that there is always endosseous dive. After surgery to wait a variable time and not longer than four months in order to proceed to the prosthesis or artificial tooth with a LOAD IMPLANT metal-, resin or vetropolimero, all materials are of high aesthetic value.

The connection can 'be done in various ways, depending on the type of system, the patient's needs and habits of the prosthetist and consists mostly screwing or concrete.

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What Types of Dental Implants

The screw-shaped root system can be of various lengths and different diameters in order to use the greatest amount of bone available.


The material used for implants today and accepted by the international scientific community is titanium, a biomaterial.


The biomaterials used in medicine that interact with the biological system (bone) are classified as biotolerable, bioinert, bioactive.


biotolerable : show fibrous tissue between implant and bone


bioinert : are bone-implant contact (eg titanium)


Bioactive : are chemical and physical connection between bone and implant


for the use of a biomaterial implant requires two conditions: biocompatibility and mechanical properties


Titanium offers both a good biocompatibility, bioinerte as both an excellent resistance to load and corrosion.


70-80 years scientific studies have made us understand the intimate relationship between bone and implant and was coined the term osseointegration, which means that direct contact between bone and titanium receiver.


The implant surface was studied in the 90s and researchers have tried to respond to the needs of better integration between bone tissue and implant surfaces.


The result was that the titanium implants with rough surface, especially processed and prepared, met with more success than those in titanium with smooth surface, more especially in the bone "tender" or of inferior quality.


All this knowledge allow us to say that dental implants can be applied in the absence of "rejection", as there is no adverse immune reaction, and with great predictability, with successful surgical close to 100% due to new surfaces.

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How is made a speech of Dental Implantology Contra

The procedure takes about 20 minutes for each implanted artificial root and does not involve pain.

After the patient is prescribed a course of antibiotics to rule out infection and inflammation, and discomfort after surgery.

E 'can also perform the surgery with a mild sedation with nitrous oxide, and this makes the patient more comfortable even if fully awake and cooperative.

The removal of surgical sutures is done after about a week after surgery.

Intervention in two phases to promote osteointegrazioneSecondo protocols of implant surgery two-phase, after a period ranging from 3 to 6 months, depending on the location of the installations and bone quality, we proceed to the second stage involves a small surgical incision in the gum to uncover the system previously "buried".

is removed a small screw cap on his head and added a new plant that will serve to guide the proper healing of the gums.

After another period of 2-3 weeks will proceed to take fingerprints and construction of the permanent crown to be built in suitable material (ceramic, vetropolimero, resin) to meet the needs of masticatory function and aesthetics. The period

interval between the first and second surgical stage (3-6 months) is required for osseointegration of the plant, biological process that affects the quality of the interface that is created between the root implant and bone.

Dall'osteointegrazione depends on the stability of the system, it essentially turns the accession of the bone around the implant.

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Contra intervention of dental'implantologia

After what we have to clarify that the main reasons why an intervention is fallible implant or even contraindicated.

1) do not have to undergo dental implant patients who have not been educated successfully to a high standard of oral hygiene at home, or similarly do not agree to a professional inspection clocked (implemented by 'dental hygienist diploma) of their hygiene.

This is because the resistance to infection caused by a unit implant-prosthetic bacterial plaque is much smaller than for a natural tooth since they vary in their relative support apparatus. The root of a natural tooth is in fact connected with the bone through the mediation of the ligament periodontal disease, but absent along the titanium cylinder that is precisely osseointegrated that is directly attached to the bone.

bone supporting dental implant is particularly vulnerable to infection but, in the case of plants, is defended only by the lack of sleeve gingival periodontal ligament consists of a strong connective tissue.

For the same reason, the plaque, once through the door quickly propagates along the gum plant spreading the infection deeper to the bone.

The biology of resistance to infection is therefore in principle more favorable, although some research has suggested that the germs in question are different for teeth and implants and that there is no such correlation between risk and past PIORREA implant . Until the research is very active in this field, give us more definitive and reliable results, is the same common sense to impose the maximum respect of hygiene in an implant prosthesis.

2) They must submit to implant patients with systemic diseases, diabetes can not be compensated with appropriate therapy, bleeding disorders or undergoing radiotherapy.

The generalized osteoporosis is not an absolute contraindication because in reality the jaw is largely spared by this disease. In these cases, 'failure is predictable a priori, and then we should speak rather of the impossibility of success by the diagnosis which avoids a safe operational failure.